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What Are Community Services

What Are Community Services

Often, certain terms can be confused under the umbrella of Elder Law, and for apparently little reason other than the tendency of many to underestimate the resiliency of older adults. Two terms that may get conflated inappropriately are “elder care” and “long-term care.” As is imaginable, there is a lot to be said for their coincidence. Elder care is a more general term for care and services that address needs particular to the geriatric population, which long-term care certainly falls under. However, and potentially obviously to some, not all aging adults require a skilled nursing facility.

 One form of elder care that does not compel elder individuals and their families to keep them in a facility at all times (save for an authorized trip outside of the building) is adult day care. Of course, most people are familiar with day care as a means of entertaining, protecting and stimulating the minds of very young children, among other things.

In many ways, though, adult day care is built on similar precepts, as these types of programs provide opportunities for participants to get in some physical activity in a fun context, have some snacks and meals, interact with one another, and receive treatment as needed.

Moreover, these services are designed to be of relatively low cost and minimal burden to the sponsoring family, allowing them the ability to work and seek some respite from the demands of caring for the elderly. This may not be as salient a form of long-term care as other solutions, especially since it involves no residential aspect, but all the same, adults may be enrolled in day care programs for extended periods of time.

Another form of elder care that implies a habitual commitment without actual commitment to a facility is known as a senior center. Senior centers are essentially meeting places for older adults where they may enjoy education, meals, recreation, socialization, and special events and trips. Unlike with adult day care, though, the individuals who attend senior center programs are not as dependent on others for their day-to-day needs.

Plus, in many cases, as opposed to day care, which is a private, paid service, senior centers will be publicly-funded so that most if not all of their functions will be free of charge to the attendee. In terms of long-term care, a senior center is not exactly a prototypical example, but nevertheless, its affording of amenities that fulfill basic human needs is somewhat characteristic of this branch of elder care.

Additionally, some forms of long-term care may not even require that recipients visit an out-of-home facility. One notable example is the presence of Meals on Wheels programs across the country. Meals on Wheels is a nationally-recognized organization that, as the name implies, brings meals to seniors who otherwise would have trouble cooking for themselves or going out and getting food. It is staffed mostly by dedicated volunteers, and is thus quite literally a form of community service.

Another service known as “telephone assurance” is designed expressly to engage elderly individuals who spend the bulk of their time alone at home. A family member, friend, or even an independent third party will call the at-home resident daily to make sure he or she does not need medical attention; if he or she does not answer, this may be a sign that emergency help is needed. 


Elder Care

Elder Care

Elder care is the general term for programs that care for the elderly.  In the United States, individuals who are 65 or over accounted for 12% of the population as per the 2000 census.  By 2030 this figure is expected to increase to 19% of the population.  As individuals get older they often require special care that can be life changing, and expensive.
There are a number of elder care options.  Most elderly people find the idea of going into a nursing home as dis-favorable.  Most elderly prefer to continue living at home. This is called “aging in place” but is not always an option.  Elder care that takes the form of “aging in place”, while allowing for a individual to remain in his, or her, home takes a toll on the family as a whole.  Most elderly individuals who come to the point where they need to think about elder care options need extensive care.  The burden on family to care for the individual, especially when the family is comprised of young professionals starting their own families and careers, can be daunting.  
When “aging in place” it may be necessary to have in home care.  This could consist of having an “in home care specialist” come in on a daily basis to help with meals, housekeeping, dispensing medication, and other duties that the elderly individual, or his, or her, family, cannot do on their own.  At home care can also consist of constant supervision by an in home care specialist.  This will involve the caregiver living in the house and offering round the clock care.  At home care can be expensive, but cheap in comparison to nursing homes.  An elderly individual can expect to pay around $56 a day for food and medicine and an additional $20 per hour for the in home care service.
Another elder care option is an assisted living residence.  An assisted living residence is for individuals who can no longer stay at home but do not require the level of care that is given in a nursing home.  An assisted living residence can provide someone in need of elder care assistance with meals, personal care, housekeeping and their own private room.  Assisted living residences also provide the individual with a social atmosphere.  Where a nursing home is often more akin to a hospital setting an assisted living residence acts more like a community.  The costs associated with assisted living residences can be expensive.  The yearly rate for assisted living residences average around $35,000 with New Jersey residences being the most expensive, around $52,000 a year.
A final, and often last option, is a nursing home.  A nursing home provides specialized care to those individuals who are severely incapacitated due to age or infirmity.  A nursing home acts much like a hospital where there is round the clock nursing care.  The costs associated with a nursing home are expensive.  The average yearly cost of a nursing home is $75,000 with Massachusetts being the most expensive with an average yearly cost of $200,000 and Louisiana having the lowest average cost at $42,000.
One of the most difficult aspects of elder care is the cost associated with it.  Medicare does not cover the cost of long term elder care.  For this reason most people who find themselves in need of elder care find they are losing their entire savings.  This means that, often, there will be no inheritance.  In order to counteract this it is important to start planning for the possibility of elder care way in advance.  This could mean buying into long term care insurance, developing irrevocable trusts and removing assets by giving them to friends and family.  The federal government allows you to gift away $13,000 per year to individuals without incurring a gift tax.  This should seriously be contemplated in order to prevent losing the savings you’ve spent years creating to the cost of elder care. But be wary of the 5 year look back period that allows the federal government to reclaim assets for the cost of elder care from medicaid. 

What Are Guest Accommodations

What Are Guest Accommodations

Of course, some accommodations for older people do not preclude them from living near their families. In fact, they may even live on the same piece of property. Quite often, elderly individuals will reside in units that are their own separate dwelling spaces, but are usually contained on the same lot or even are attached to the building in some way.

As is wont to happen with long-term elderly care (note the aforementioned discussion of home health aides and their various synonyms), there are numerous names for these structures. Some may refer to a particular unit as an in-law apartment, secondary suite or even a granny flat (primarily in other English-speaking countries). However, for our purposes here, we will refer to a qualifying residence as either a guest apartment or guest house. Some notes about the use of these spaces:

Though it likely goes without saying, a guest apartment or guest house lies ancillary to the main home. Such accommodations are usually capable of being self-sufficient apart from the primary residence, including standard amenities like a bathroom, kitchen, and bedroom/converted sleeping space.

Thus, they are not meant for a whole family, but rather an individual such as a senior citizen living on his or her lonesome, and with little need for anything beyond these simple features. Certainly, though, a guest apartment or guest house may still be furnished with specially designed facilities, floors and furniture designed to prevent falls or serious injury. 

As to where these types of dwellings tend to stand in relation to the main structure, as noted, they may be either part of the same building or nearby. Concerning a guest apartment, although they may be dictated by the preexisting conditions of the house, there are definitely options to be played around with.

For one, depending on what is feasible, a guest apartment may either lie above the first floor of a one-family home, below it, as in a converted basement, or connected even to a detached garage. As for a guest house, sometimes termed a garden suite, it may be a separate unit on the premises, which may be more characteristic of a larger estate. Plus, when a family member ceases to use it, it may be rented out to non-relative guests, making it a “guest house” in the truest sense of the word(s).

Imaginably, the creation of a guest apartment or guest house in the absence of one requires the means to make this decision a reality. First and foremost, the family opting for this course of action will likely need to front most or all of the cost themselves, or will be paying out of pocket in installments.

Beyond this, though, before constructing such a unit, interested parties must receive clearance from the proper authorities lest they erect something illegally on their space. Accordingly, they should consult the municipal body with jurisdiction over these matters for assistance and clarifying information a midst the planning process.

Easy Overview to Subsidized Housing for Seniors

Easy Overview to Subsidized Housing for Seniors

 Sometimes, it is not as if older people may not live alone by themselves, but that they do not have a residence on which they can really count. Senior living arrangements may be a tricky subject indeed. In the event elder members of society can neither afford their current domicile nor live with their kin, they may be charged with finding a different space to call their own.

At the same time, however, there is a strong likelihood that they will not be able to work anymore given their advanced age, or the likelihood that they do not have a huge amount of savings to put toward securing a place. Subsidized senior housing, then, might be these individuals’ saving grace. For the reader who is not too familiar with the concept of subsidized housing, here are some ideas about what subsidized senior living may entail:

Obviously, critical to understanding subsidized senior housing is knowing what “subsidized” means in the first place. Something that is subsidized is paid for (at least in part) by government monies, also predictably known as “subsidies.” As such, subsidized senior living spaces are just what they sound like. Where exactly do these subsidies come from, though, and what must people do to qualify for them? Responding to the first part of the question, subsidized senior housing is provided for at both the state and federal levels by housing administrations.

As for the requirements, financial breaks on senior living are realized only for applicants (be they the prospective inhabitants themselves or their family sponsors) whose income is insufficient enough to warrant clemency. As of fiscal year 2009, the income limit is $46,000 for individuals and $53,000 for married couples. Anything above these tallies is grounds for refusal of benefits, pending review by appointed governmental agencies.  

Subsidized senior housing, as with any form of subsidized housing, is low-income residence. It should be noted this does not necessarily equate to the facility being low in quality as well, although the size of each unit in a reduced income complex may be relatively small. Subsidized senior living is a public service, and therefore reflects the moralistic nature of governmental aid.

As hinted at, subsidized senior housing may—or usually will—only cover a portion of rent payments, but if nothing else, the portion of the payer’s income or money saved to be paid every month will be significantly lower. Besides, subsidized senior living spaces grant minor modifications to the premises in light of seniors’ special needs.

Of course, cognisance of the benefits of subsidized senior housing is not worth much unless an elderly person and his or her family can locate a suitable, affordable residence. It may be hard to know where to begin such a search and who to trust upon receipt on receiving tidbits of information.

One useful conduit for details on subsidized senior living and/or subsidized housing for people with disabilities is the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development, referred to as HUD for short, allows for visitors to its website to search for affordable apartments across the United States based on state, county, and even individual municipality. 

Home Health Care Defined

Home Health Care Defined

By evidence of the existence of community services like Meals on Wheels and transportation programs designed especially for seniors, the ability for older adults to receive individualized home health care would seem infinitely possible. Indeed, various home health services exist for the benefit of the elderly so that they may be allowed to live full lives without having to be confined to an expensive facility.

Moreover, this home health care is often more intensive than normal community services, and furthermore, it features trained professionals or at least administrators who are supervised by licensed health professionals. Depending on a person’s needs, he or she may be able to enjoy any confluence of home health services. Below are some examples of home health care:

 One brand of home health services that is fairly commonly used by elders and their families, and is known by a number of different names is that of home health aides. Also called caregivers, homemakers, and personal attendants, home health aides may be charged with any assortment of tasks that are part of daily living but are beyond the abilities of some older adults to manage for themselves.

Among the laundry list of chores that homemakers may be asked to fulfill (apart from laundry itself) are accompanying the individual outside the home, cooking, food shopping, housekeeping, personal grooming, and preparing him or her for bed. Usually, people who accept this kind of home health care will need to pay out of their savings or out of a family member’s pocket, though public benefits (e.g. 

Some home health services, meanwhile, will not be so hands-on, so to speak, but will nonetheless make the home more accessible for elderly individuals, especially in light of some injury or particular physical malady.

Relatively simple home improvements such as elevators, handrails in bathtubs/showers, wheelchair ramps and wider corridors (for the sake of those in chairs and motorized devices) may all be prudent renovations for the sake of the informed senior. As with the aforementioned Meals on Wheels and long-term care, home repair may not jump to mind as a manifestation of home health care, but with all due respect, it may be requested by experience health care providers, notably therapists. 

To boot, some home health services will take special circumstances of their recipients into account. Some paid services, for instance, will provide in-home hospice care for those people who have contracted a terminal illness or other serious condition and need both physical and emotional home health care as a result, as well as grief counseling and other functions for surviving family.

Respite care is also a hallmark of home health services. For the elderly suffering from a debilitating condition such as Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s and for the sake of family members who need a mental break from the constant care of their relatives, respite care affords them short-term piece of mind, and allows the family in particular the time to complete their own everyday chores.